Evidence · The claim ledger
Discrimination & bias1
Every cited claim this site makes in this evidence area, with the sources that ground it. Source keys link back to the full reference lists on the Evidence Registry.
EmpiricalA 19-model study across six languages found that the ideological stance an LLM expresses varies systematically with the …
A 19-model study across six languages found that the ideological stance an LLM expresses varies systematically with the language it is prompted in and the geopolitical region of its creator, and persists within a single region — so the choice of model is not value-neutral, and dominance by a few models can shift the ideological center of gravity of available information.
Sources: buyl2026, santurkar2023, rozado2024
Appears on: /pan-lab